CiteSpace-Based Visualization Analysis of Forensic Research in China from 2010 to 2019 / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To analyze the research status of forensic medicine in China from 2010 to 2019, obtain the development trend of forensic medicine and explore the hotspots and research frontiers.@*METHODS@#The forensic medical academic papers published on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database from 2010 to 2019 were collected. CiteSpace 5.7.R1, an information visualization analysis software, was used to analyze publication organizations, authors, keywords, and other elements.@*RESULTS@#The majority of the research institutions were universities, provincial and ministerial scientific research and forensic institutions. Forensic pathology was still an important branch of forensic medicine and a popular research direction. The "polymorphism" and "Y chromosome" had been the research hotspots in recent years. "Medical damage" and "standard" were the most novel studies.@*CONCLUSIONS@#In order to provide scientific basis and research direction for forensic research, this paper analyzes the cooperation network, research hotspots and research innovation in forensic research.

Analgesic Effect and Action Mechanisms of Wenjing Zhitong Prescription on Primary Dysmenorrhea / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the analgesic effects of Wenjing Zhitong prescription （WZP） and explore its possible analgesic mechanisms so as to provide experimental basis for research and development of new Chinese medicine. Method:Analgesic effects of WZP were evaluated by observing the writhing latency and number in the writhing models which were induced by oxytocin in rats as well as those induced by acetic acid and prostaglandin E₁ （PGE₁）， respectively in mice. Effect of WZP on uterine contraction frequency， amplitude and activity were evaluated by observing the oxytocin-induced contraction of uterine smooth muscle in rats and rabbits <italic>in vivo</italic>. In the oxytocin-induced rat writhing models， the content of prostaglandin F₂<italic>_α</italic>（PGF₂<italic>_α</italic>） and prostaglandin E₂（PGE₂） in rat uterine tissues and the content of beta-endorphins （<italic>β</italic>-EP） in rat serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Expression of estrogen receptor （ER） and oxytocin receptor （OTR） in rat uterine were tested by Real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） method to investigate the possible molecular mechanism of WZP for its analgesic effect. Result:Results of analgesic effect showed that in oxytocin-induced rat writhing experiment， the number of writhing responses in both the WZP （1.5，3.0 g·kg^-1） group was lower than than in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. In acetic acid-induced mice writhing experiment， the latency of writhing response in WZP （6.0 g·kg^-1） group was significantly prolonged as compared with that in model group <italic>（P</italic><0.01）， and the number of writhing response was significantly reduced （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. In PGE₁-induced mice writhing model， the writhing number in WZP （1.5，3.0，6.0 g·kg^-1） groups was significantly lower than that in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Results of effect on uterine smooth muscle demonstrated that WZP （0.38，0.75，1.50 g·kg^-1） could significantly reduce the frequency of uterine smooth muscle contraction in rabbits （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， WZP （0.75，1.50，3.00 g·kg^-1） could significantly reduce the contractile amplitude and activity of smooth muscle in the uterus of rats （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Results of molecular mechanisms of analgesic effects showed that the WZP （0.75，1.50，3.00 g·kg^-1） significantly reduced the content of PGF₂<italic>_α</italic> and the ratio of PGF₂<italic>_α</italic> to PGE₂ in the uterine tissue of rats （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. In the WZP （3.00 g·kg^-1） group， the levels of <italic>β</italic>-EP in the serum of rats were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the levels of OTR in uterus of rats in the WZP （1.50，3.00 g·kg^-1） group were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:Pharmacological studies demonstrated potent analgesic effect of WZP， and such analgesic effect were mediated by significantly inhibiting contraction of uterine smooth muscle， decreasing the contents of PGF₂<italic>_α </italic>and ratio of PGF₂<italic>_α</italic>/PGE₂， reducing OTR expression in uterine as well as increasing the amount of <italic>β</italic>-EP in serum.

Antidepressant mechanism of Shugan Lipi recipe in regulating tryptophan metabolism and its common pharmacodynamic substances / 中国中药杂志

This article is to explore the antidepressant mechanism of Shugan Lipi recipe in regulating tryptophan metabolism,and to find out their common pharmacodynamic substances. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology was used to establish fingerprints of Shugan Lipi recipe,and 124 components were identified. The depressed mouse model was replicated by triple-one multiple stress method. Chaihu Shugan Powder,Sini Powder and Xiaoyao Powder were administered in groups to observe the changes in body weight and behavior of the mice. The results showed that compared with the model group,the body weight,sucrose preference percentage and autonomous activity behavior of each administration group were improved. Among them,the effect of Chaihu Shugan Powder was better than that of Sini Powder and Xiaoyao Powder. LC-MS/MS method was used to determine the contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine( 5-HT),kynurenine( KYN) and tryptophan( TPP) in blood,liver,brain,colon and other tissues,as well as TDO enzyme activity in liver. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and gene expression of TDO enzyme,respectively. It was found that the three prescriptions increased the ratio of 5-HT/KYN in different degrees,decreased the ratio of KYN/TRP in liver,colon and brain,and decreased the expression level and activity of TDO enzyme in liver. The order of their ability to regulate tryptophan metabolism was Chaihu Shugan Powder>Sini Powder>Xiaoyao Powder. In addition,the correlation between the chromatographic peaks in the fingerprints of Shugan Lipi recipes and the pharmacodynamic indexes of tryptophan metabolism was analyzed by the grey relation analysis. The grey relation analysis found that the chemical components with the highest correlation with tryptophan metabolism were mainly from Paeoniae Radix Alba,Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to analyze the migration components in the plasma of mice after administration of Shugan Lipi recipe,and to verify the common pharmacodynamic substances of Shugan Lipi recipe. The migration of these detected components in plasma was studied,and a total of 18 prototype components and 36 metabolites were identified. Therefore,it was believed that Chaihu Shugan Powder,Sini Powder and Xiaoyao Powder could play an antidepressant role by reducing the expression of TDO enzyme in the liver and regulating the metabolism of tryptophan.The components contained in Paeoniae Radix Alba,Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus were the common pharmacodynamic substances of Shugan Lipi recipe,which played an important role in regulating tryptophan metabolism.

Safety of two ventilator weaning strategies after high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a prospective randomized controlled trial / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the safety of two ventilator weaning strategies after high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) for the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in preterm infants.@*METHODS@#A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted for 101 preterm infants with NRDS, with a gestational age of ≤32@*RESULTS@#There was no significant difference in the failure rate of ventilator weaning within 72 hours (8% vs 14%, @*CONCLUSIONS@#For preterm infants with NRDS, the strategy of weaning directly from HFOV is safe and reliable and can reduce the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, and therefore, it holds promise for clinical application.

The presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is closely associated with poor prognosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

We aimed to confirm the predictive ability of the presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) for prognosis and the associations between IDC-P and clinicopathological parameters. Studies were identified in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, and SCOPUS up to December 1, 2019. Hazard ratios (HRs) for survival data and odds ratios for clinicopathological data with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted. Heterogeneity was evaluated by the I

Selective Ferroptosis Inhibitor Liproxstatin-1 Attenuates Neurological Deficits and Neuroinflammation After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / 神经科学通报·英文版

Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent regulated cell death. Evidence of its existence and the effects of its inhibitors on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is still lacking. In the present study, we found that liproxstatin-1 protected HT22 cells against hemin-induced injury by protecting mitochondrial functions and ameliorating lipid peroxidation. In in vivo experiments, we demonstrated the presence of characteristic shrunken mitochondria in ipsilateral cortical neurons after SAH. Moreover, liproxstatin-1 attenuated the neurological deficits and brain edema, reduced neuronal cell death, and restored the redox equilibrium after SAH. The inhibition of ferroptosis by liproxstatin-1 was associated with the preservation of glutathione peroxidase 4 and the downregulation of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 as well as cyclooxygenase 2. In addition, liproxstatin-1 decreased the activation of microglia and the release of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. These data enhance our understanding of cell death after SAH and shed light on future preclinical studies.

Efficacy and Material Basis of Shuangjin Sanjie Granules in Treatment on Hyperplasia of Mammary Gland / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:The SD rat model of hyperplasia of mammary gland（HMG） and the ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS) technology were used to explore the pharmacological material basis of Shuangjin Sanjie granules (SJSJG) for the treatment on HMG.Method:SD rat models of HMG were administered in groups, and the nipple height and the diameter were measured; the levels of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P) and prolactin (PRL) in serum were detected, pathological examination was conducted for the hyperplasia of breast tissue. Histochemical methods were used to detect the expressions of estrogen receptor α (ERα), androgen receptor (AR), progesterone receptor (PR), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) proteins. Finally, UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS technology was used to detect the main chemical constituents of SJSJG, and the pharmacodynamic substance basis was analyzed based on the pharmacological effect.Result:The results of animal experiments showed that compared with the normal group, nipple height and diameter of the model group increased remarkably (P<0.01), serum E2 significantly increased (P<0.01). Pathological examination showed abnormal hyperplasia of breast tissue， expressions of ERα, AR, PR and TNF-α increased， compared with the model group, the nipple height and diameter of the SJSJG group decreased remarkably (P<0.01), serum E2 was decreased significantly (P<0.01)， pathological examination showed weakened abnormal hyperplasia of breast tissue, ERα, AR, PR and TNF-α protein expressions were significant decreased (P<0.01). The results of basic material study showed that 85 chemical components were identified from SJSJG, including 16 alkaloids, 7 flavonoids, 15 terpenes, 9 phenolic acid compounds, 3 coumarin compounds, 10 esters and lactone compounds, 7 fatty acids compounds, 4 amino acids compounds, and 14 other types of ingredients， among them, alkaloids and terpenoids chemical drug substances were closely related.Conclusion:SJSJG can effectively improve the condition of breast hyperplasia, and its medicinal substance basis may include saikosaponin A, Saikosaponin D, verticinone, peimine.

Anxiolytic Effect of Chanmu Anshen Granule and Its Bioactive Mechanism / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To assess the anxiolytic effect of Chaimu Anshen granules (CMASG) and investigate its bioactive mechanism. Method:ICR mice were randomly divided into normal group, diazepam group(0.002 g·kg-1),Jieyu Anshen granules group(0.001 4 g·kg-1), high, medium, and low-dose (0.001 98,0.000 99,0.000 495 g·kg-1)Chaimu Anshen granule groups, with 20 mice in each group. To detect the anxiolytic effect of CMASG, mice were intragastrically administered for 4 weeks in the morning, and light-dark box transition test and open field test were performed once the other day. After the behavior tests, blood samples were collected. Six mice of each group were perfused with formalin through heart, and then the brains were fixed for immunohistochemistry test. Hippocampus of the other mice in each group were collected and stored in liquid nitrogen. The content of γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)and glutamic acid(Glu)in hippocampus and blood samples were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the ratio of GABA/Glu was calculated. The expression of GABAα1 receptor was evaluated by the immunohistochemistry method. To test the hypnosis effect of CMASG, mice were administered intragastrically for 7 days. The sub-threshold dose of pentobarbital sodium in the sleep experiment was tested. Result:Compared with normal group, the light-dark box transitions test demonstrated that low-dose and medium-dose CMASG groups significantly prolonged the duration in light box(PPPPPPPPPPα1 receptor protein in hippocampus showed that the medium-dose CMASG significantly increased the expression of GABAα1 protein. The sub-threshold dose of pentobarbital sodium on sleep experiments confirmed that the medium-dose CMASG significantly increased the rate of sleep in mice. Conclusion:CMASG showed an anxiolytic effect, and its bioactive mechanism was related with the increase of GABA content, and the decrease of Glu content in hippocampus. Furthermore, it increased the expression of GABAα1 protein in hippocampus. The changes in content of GABA and Glu in peripheral blood were positively correlated with the changes in hippocampal tissues, which provided reference for clinical diagnosis. CMASG also exhibited an effect in improvement of sleep.

The study of combined unilateral intraoral and extraoral reduction approach in the treatment of anterior temporo-mandibular joint dislocation / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical outcomes of a combined unilateral intraoral and extraoral reduction approach in the treatment of anterior temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation.@*METHODS@#Postural muscular chains were utilized in the biomechanical analysis of stomatognathic systems for improving TMJ repositioning approaches. A total of 87 patients with anterior TMJ dislocation were included in the present study. A combined unilateral intraoral and extraoral reduction approach was applied, and the clinical effects were evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Biomechanical analysis reveal that reflexive contrac-tion of the maxillary muscle group was blocked sufficiently during the combined unilateral intraoral and extraoral reduction process. All dislocated TMJs were set successfully and efficiently with few complications.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Combined unilateral intraoral and extraoral reduction approach is an effective, convenient, and minimally invasive way to treat anterior TMJ dislo-cations.

Coagulation function and hemorrhagic diseases in preterm infants with different gestational ages / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the correlation between coagulation function and gestational age in preterm infants and the possible value of coagulation function measurement in predicting hemorrhagic diseases.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of preterm infants who were hospitalized between September 2016 and August 2017 were collected. The coagulation indicators were measured within 2 hours after birth. According to the gestational age, the preterm infants were divided into late preterm infant group (n=322), early preterm infant group (n=241) and extremely/very early preterm infant group (n=128). Coagulation function was compared among the three groups, as well as between the preterm infants with and without hemorrhagic diseases within 3 days after birth.@*RESULTS@#There were significant differences in thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) and D-dimer (DD) among the three groups (P<0.05). APTT, PT, FDP and DD were negatively correlated with gestational age, while TT was positively correlated with gestational age (P<0.05). The preterm infants with hemorrhagic diseases had a longer APTT and a higher level of DD (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Coagulation function gradually becomes mature in preterm infants with the increase in gestational age. Abnormal APTT and DD indicate that preterm infants may have a higher risk of hemorrhagic diseases.

Electroacupuncture down-regulates expression of ADAMTS-4 of intervertebral disc in rats with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation on the levels of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4) protein in the lumbar intervertebral disc tissue and serum in prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (PLIDD) rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). METHODS: A total of 48 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham operation (n＝12), model (n＝18) and EA (n＝18) groups. The PLIDD model was established by puncturing the lumbar discs (L4-L5, L5-L6) with a gauge-22 syringe needle. After modeling, EA stimulation was applied to "Pangguangshu"(BL28), "Zusanli"(ST36) and "Zhijian"for 20 min, 6 times per week for 4 weeks. The lumbar intervertebral disc tissue and blood samples were collected at the 4th, 6th and 8th week after modeling, respectively. The expression of ADAMTS-4 in the lumbar intervertebral disc tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot (WB), separately. The content of ADAMTS-4 in the serum was detected by ELISA. RESULTS: Both immunohistochemical stain and WB showed that the expression levels of lumbar ADAMTS-4 at the 4th, 6th and 8th week were significantly up-regulated in the model group relevant to the sham operation group (P<0.01). Following EA treatment, the expression levels of ADAMTS-4 on day 14 and 28 were notably lower in the EA group than in the model group (P<0.05). The serum ADAMTS-4 contents were significantly increased in the model group than in the sham operation group at the 3 time-points (P<0.05, P<0.01), and considerably decreased in the EA group than in the model group on day 28 after EA intervention(P<0.05)．. CONCLUSION: EA can down-regulate the ADAMTS-4 expression of lumbar intervertebral disc tissue in PLIDD rats, which may contribute to its effect in relieving lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration.

Characterization, Quantification and Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Bevacizumab and Its Glycosylation by Mass Spectrometry / 分析化学

The bevacizumab and its glycoforms were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS-PAGE) and short-gun strategy, with the sequence of unique peptide and seventeen glycoforms being characterized. The bevacizumab and its glycopeptides concentrations in mice plasma with different intravenous injection doses of bevacizumab were detected and the concentration-time curves were obtained by parallel reaction monitoring ( PRM) method based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS / MS) technique. First, standard curves were created for quantification of mAb in mice plasma, which showed good linearity, with the correlation coefficient (R2 ) value of 0. 998 and the lower limit of quantification of 66 fmol. Detection results of high and low doses of the drug in the mice plasma samples showed that the drug concentration-time curve trend was consistent, e. g. the concentration was decreasing. However, the results of quantitation of seventeen glycoforms demonstrated that the metabolism of different glycoforms was different. The concentrations of most glycoforms increased first, whereas the metabolism afterwards differed by different glycoforms.

Semaphorin7A intervention for titanium particles-induced apoptosis in mouse MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Semaphorin7A (Sema7A) is a kind of cel surface protein, which can promote the fusion of osteoclasts and the migration of osteoblasts at the same time, affecting the dynamic balance of the bone. It is speculated that Sema7A siRNA may inhibit osteoblast apoptosis induced by titanium particles. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of Sema7A on the preosteoblast activity inhibited by titanium particles. METHODS:Mouse MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts at passages 6 and 7 were divided into four groups: in blank control group, MC3T3-E1 cels were cultured alone; in standard control group, cel were cultured with titanium particles; in experimental groups 1 and 2, the cels were cultured with titanium particles+Sema7A overexpression plasmids and titanium particles+Sema7A siRNA, respectively. Apoptotic rate of MC3T3-E1 cels was detected by flow cytometry; the mRNA expression of bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and type I colagen was detected by Q-PCR; western blot assay was adopted to detect the protein expression of bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and type I colagen; alizarin red calcium nodule staining was taken to detect the degree of osteoblast mineralization. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The expressions of bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and type I colagen were decreased in the standard control group and experimental group 1, but these expression were significantly increased in the experimental group 2 compared with the standard control group (P < 0.05). Flow cytometry results suggested that the apoptotic rate of osteoblasts in the experimental group 1 was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05), and the apoptotic rate in the experimental group 2 was lower than that in the standard control group (P < 0.05). Alizarin red staining showed that there were no obvious mineralized nodules in the experimental group 1, but mineralized nodules formed in the experimental group 2. In brief, the genetic interference technique that inhibits the activity of Sema7A can interfere the process of mouse MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast differentiation inhibited by titanium particles, and thus provide a feasible way for the clinical treatment of wear particles-induced osteolysis using biotechnology.

Influences different functional groups on the biological characteristics of the osteosarcoma Saos-2 cell line / 医学研究生学报

Objective Microenvironment plays important roles in the proliferation , viability, and apoptosis of tumor cells. This study was to investigate the effects of different functional groups on the biological characteristics of the osteosarcoma Saos -2 cell line in vitro. Methods Using self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols on gold , we prepared different terminal chemical groups , including methyl (-CH3 ) , amino (-NH2 ) , hydroxyl (-OH) , and carboxyl (-COOH ) .We determined the similar density of different functional groups by contact angle measurement and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy , and observed the effects of different functional groups on the adhesion , proliferation, viability, and apoptosis of the osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells by fluorescence microscopy , CCK-8 as-say, flow cytometry, and scan electron microscopy (SEM). Results The surface of -COOH and -NH2 promoted the adhesion and proliferation of the of the Saos-2 cells, with a good compatibility , while that of -CH3 was unfavorable for their adhesion and proliferation and even increased their apoptosis . The promoting effects of the functional groups on the adhesion and proliferation of the cells were listed in the following order: -COOH ≥ -NH2 >-OH -CH3 , while their toxicity and apoptosis-increasing effect ranked as -CH3 -OH >-NH2 >-COOH. Conclusion The-CH3 group inhibits the adhesion and proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of Saos-2 cells, which has provided some evidence for the surface design of biomaterials.

Prognostic value of Sox2 expression in digestive tract cancers: A meta-analysis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The aim of the present study was to accurately evaluate the association of Sox2 expression with the survival of patients with digestive tract cancers. Relevant literatures were identified by comprehensively searching databases including the Pubmed, Embase, CBMdisc, and Wanfang (up to October 2014). A meta-analysis was performed to clarify the association between Sox2 expression and overall survival or clinicopathological parameters of patients with digestive tract cancers (esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers). The results showed a significant association between high Sox2 expression and poor overall survival in patients with digestive tract carcinomas (HR=1.55, 95% CI=1.04-2.31), especially for patients with esophageal cancer (HR=2.04, 95%CI=1.30-3.22), colorectal cancer (HR=1.40, 95% CI=1.04-1.89), and digestive tract adenocarcinoma (HR=1.80, 95% CI=1.12-2.89), for Europeans (HR=1.98, 95% CI=1.44-2.71) or patients who did not receive neoadjuvant treatment (HR=1.73, 95% CI=1.10-2.72). Furthermore, Sox2 over-expression was highly correlated with vascular invasion (OR=1.86, 95% CI=1.25-2.77) and poor differentiation (OR=1.88, 95% CI=1.14-3.08), especially in esophageal and colorectal cancers. In conclusion, Sox2 expression may serve as a novel prognostic factor for patients with digestive tract cancers. Over-expression of Sox2 that is correlated with vascular invasion and poor differentiation suggests poor outcomes of patients with digestive tract cancers.

Association of red blood cell damage with arachidonic acid / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the correlation between arachidonic acid (AA) and acute red blood cells damage in rats, and to build a model with hidden blood loss in vivo, and to explore the pathological mechenism of hidden blood loss.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 50 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing (200 ± 20) g were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10): control group and four experimental groups. The rats in the experimental groups were given 0.5 ml different concentrations of AA dilu- ents, 5, 10, 20, 40 mmol/L respectively. The blood samples were collected from orbital venous at the beginning and 24, 48, 72 hours after administration. Then the changes of hemoglobin (Hb) ,red blood cell count (RBC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH- PX) activity, total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity and hydrogen peroxide (H202) in the blood samples were tested.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant hidden blood loss occurred when the concentration was 10 mmol/L in the experimental group, with the RBC and Hb sharply reduced in blood samples. The Hb and RBC were reduced in all the experimental groups and control group at 24 hours after administration, while in the experimental groups they changed more obviously. The GSH-PX activity, T-SOD activity and H₂O₂were also significantly reduced in all groups, and the changes showed significant differences. The Hb and RBC were relatively stable in the control group and the experimental groups at 48 hours after administration; while GSH-PX activity, T-SOD activity and H₂O₂were all significantly decreased, and the changes in the experimental groups were more notable.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Elevated levels of AA in the blood causes oxidative stress in the red blood cells, leading to the damage of red blood cells and hemoglobin, which is responsible for hidden blood loss.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment of medial plica syndrome of the knee by arthroscopy:Analysis of 46 cases / 医学研究生学报

Objective With the emerging omnipresence of arthroscopy, the plica syndrome has achieved a clinical recogni-tion as a pathological entity .This study is to investigate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the medial plica syndrome of the knee . Methods We retrospectively analyzed 198 cases of medial plica syndrome, internal semilunar cartilage and chondromalacia patellae in the knee joints treated in our department from January 2008 to December 2011 .All the patients received physical and MRI examina-tions before admission and underwent plicaectomy, their knee function evaluated according to their Lysholm scores pre-and post-opera-tively. Results The diseased plica synovialis was completely excised in 46 cases diagnosed as simple medial plica syndrome by ar-throscopy.Forty-four of the patients were followed up for 6 to 32 (mean 26) months, and the excellence rate of treatment result was 95.5%. Conclusion Medial plica syndrome of the knee constitutes a larger proportion of knee disorders, for which arthroscopy re-mains the best diagnostic option and total excision of the diseased plica synovialis is an effective treatment .

Evaluation of triage strategies for high-risk human papilloma virus testing as primary screening for cervical cancer / 肿瘤

Objective: To evaluate the performance and application value of several triage strategies for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) DNA testing as primary screening of human cervical cancer. Methods: The data from cross-sectional population-based studies for screening human cervical cancer carried out in Xiangyuan county of Shanxi province, China, 2003 were reanalyzed. Totally 1788 women were included in this study. All women were screened by liquid-based cytology (LBC), HR-HPV DNA testing-hybrid capture 2 (HPV-HC2) (for primary screening and analysis of high- and low-level viral loads), and visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), then all positive women in any test were referred for colposcopy. If the colposcopy result was positive, the woman was referred for biopsy for the final pathological result. This study simulated the strategy in which HPV-HC2 testing was used as primary screening of cervical cancer, then LBC, VIA, HPV-HC2 high- and low-level viral load tests were used as the triage for HPV-positive women. The above strategies were compared by sensitivity, specificity, colposcopy referral rate and other indexes for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and invasive cervical cancer. Moreover, the application value of the above strategies was analyzed by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under curve (AUC) (αcorrection = 0.0125). Results: The colposcopy referral rate, sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of HPV primary screening with HPV-HC2 for detecting HSIL and invasive cervical cancer were 18.1%, 95.7%, 85.0% and 20.4%, respectively. After HPV primary screening, the referral rates of three strategies of triage with LBC, VIA and HR-HPV-HC2 low viral load were decreased to 8.7%, 4.5% and 9.8%, respectively; the specificity values were increased to 94.3%, 97.5% and 93.1%, respectively; the positive predictive values were increased to 37.2%, 46.9% and 32.0%, respectively; the sensitivity values were decreased to 84.1%, 55.1% and 81.2%, respectively. The difference of AUC between HPV primary screening and its combination with the triage of LBC or HPV-HC2 low viral load was not statistically significant (both P > 0.012 5), but the difference of AUC between HPV primary screening and its combination with the triage of VIA or HPV-HC2 high viral load was statistically significant (both P < 0.001). Conclusion: Considering the economy and adaptability, increasing the cut-off of HPV DNA testing (cut-off ≥10 pg/mL) to improve the screening efficiency of human cervical cancer is feasible and effective in low-resource and less-developed areas. HR-HPV primary screening with the triage of LBC can be introduced widespreadly in high-developed areas. HR-HPV primary screening with the triage of VIA is feasible in rural areas, but the skills of the health care providers responsible for testing should be trained and improved.

Semaphorins play an important role in bone homeostasis and metabolic bone disease / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Bone formation is a dynamic process, and osteoclasts and osteoblasts are involved in this dynamic process. Semaphorins were found first as axonal growth cone guidance molecules, which express in many different tissues and regulate many physiological processes. Recently, Semaphorins are confirmed to play an important role in the regulation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the role of Semaphorins in bone homeostasis. METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed and Web of Science was performed for articles related to the effect of Semaphorins in regulation of bone metabolism published from June 1993 to January 2014 using the keywords of “semaphorin, sema”. Irrelevant articles or duplicate content articles were excluded, and finaly 48 articles were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Semaphorins act as a new class of regulatory molecules in the aspect of bone cytobiology. Studies have show semaphorins are actively involved in bone remodeling through some special mechanisms, and semaphorin proteins are crucial for bone homeostasis, which provides a new method and therapeutic target for the treatment of osteoporosis, bone sclerosis, osteolysis adjacent to joint prosthesis and other bone diseases.

Inhibitory effect of Sema7A siRNA on osteoclast activation induced by titanium particles / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Sema7A is a kind of cel surface protein, which can promote the fusion of osteoclasts and the migration of osteoblast at the same time, affecting the dynamic balance of bone. OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether Sema7A siRNA has ainhibitory effect on the osteoclast activation in the process of osteolysis which induced by titanium particles. METHODS:The precursor osteoclasts with the concentration of 4×109 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 7 days of culture, the expression levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, matrix metaloproteinase-9 and the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB in the positive control, /L were seeded on 96-wel plates containing glass cover slips, and divided into four groups: blank control, positive control, experiment and negative control groups. The cel culture medium was added into the control group. 20 μL un-transfected siRNA supernatant was added into the positive control group. 20 μL transfected Sema7A siRNA supernatant was added into the experiment group. 20 μL transfected control siRNA supernatant was added into the negative control group. The supernatant was obtained through the co-culture between titanium particles solution and monocyte-macrophage cel line RAW264.7of mouse for 24 hours. siRNA was transfected into mononuclear macrophage cel lines RAW264.7 of mice. negative control and experiment groups were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression level of each factor in the experiment group was lower than that in the positive control and negative control groups (P < 0.05). At 8 days of culture, the proliferation activity of osteoclasts and the number of positive cels stained by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in the positive control, negative control and experiment groups were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The proliferation activity of osteoclasts and the number of positive cels stained by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in the experiment group were lower than those in the control and negative groups (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that Sema7A siRNA has a certain inhibitory effect on the osteoclast activation induced by titanium particles.